地理信息系统（GIS）是将地理环境中的各种要素，包括它们的地理空间分布状况和所具有的属性数据，利用计算机进行数字存贮、处理和分析后，建立的有效的数据管理系统。通过对多种要素的综合分析，我们能够方便快速地获取信息，从而满足各种不同的应用或科学研究的需要，并能以图形和数字的方式将结果表示出来。本文介绍了地理信息系统（GIS）的产生、应用范围，发展方向，基本原理，距离测量，并对某城市基础地理信息系统进行了设计。

Global Information System (GIS) is a data management system constructed on the basis of computerised storage, processing and analysing of key geographical elements including space, layout conditions and other associated data. Through comprehensive multi-elements analysis, useful information can be obtained in a speedy manner so as to satisfy a user's requirements for different usages or scientific research purposes. Searched results can be displayed either in pictoral and/or written form. This article introduces the birth, applications, future development areas, basic theory and distance survey of GIS. It also provides a design for a basic GIS for a certain city.

以前从来未有接触过这专业，所以上面写的一些专业词汇，只是自己对中文的理解再用日常英语写出来，准确性是有疑问的。

希望用时要小心。

“各向同性和各向异性的距离表面”= surface distance between multi-directional common category and multi-directional different category
“重要设施层属性数据”= important facilities related data
“线的空间数据结构如图”= linear spatial data structure as per drawing
“消防层属性数据”= fire services related data